Periodontal Therapy for Gum Disease: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention
When Is Periodontal Therapy Necessary?
A dentist or periodontist may recommend periodontal therapy in the following cases:
- Bleeding Gums – Gums that bleed during brushing or flossing may indicate early-stage gum disease (gingivitis).
- Persistent Bad Breath – Caused by bacterial buildup in the gum pockets.
- Gum Recession – Exposing tooth roots, leading to sensitivity and increased risk of decay.
- Loose or Shifting Teeth – Advanced gum disease can weaken the bone supporting teeth.
- Pus Formation or Gum Swelling – Signs of active infection that require immediate attention.
- Deep Gum Pockets – Spaces between teeth and gums that trap bacteria and worsen periodontal disease.
Types of Periodontal Therapy
1. Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatments
- Scaling and Root Planing (Deep Cleaning) – Removes plaque and tartar from below the gum line and smooths tooth roots to promote healing.
- Antibacterial Therapy – Application of antimicrobial agents or prescription mouth rinses to reduce bacterial infection.
- Laser Therapy – Minimally invasive treatment to remove infected gum tissue and promote regeneration.
- Occlusal Adjustments – Correction of bite misalignment to reduce pressure on gums and teeth.
2. Surgical Periodontal Treatments (For Advanced Gum Disease)
- Flap Surgery (Pocket Reduction Surgery) – Lifts gum tissue to remove deep bacterial deposits and secure gums back in place.
- Gum Grafting – Uses donor tissue or synthetic materials to restore receding gums and protect tooth roots.
- Bone Grafting and Regeneration – Restores lost bone tissue using graft materials to provide a solid foundation for teeth.
- Guided Tissue Regeneration (GTR) – Encourages natural bone and gum regrowth with special membranes.
What to Expect After Periodontal Therapy
- Reduced Inflammation and Bleeding – Gums gradually become healthier with proper treatment.
- Improved Breath Freshness – Removal of bacteria helps eliminate bad breath.
- Less Gum Sensitivity – Protecting exposed roots reduces discomfort from hot or cold foods.
- Possible Temporary Discomfort – Some swelling or sensitivity may occur but typically resolves within days.
How to Maintain Healthy Gums After Treatment
- Practice Proper Oral Hygiene – Brush twice daily, floss regularly, and use an antibacterial mouthwash.
- Attend Regular Dental Checkups – Professional cleanings help prevent gum disease from recurring.
- Avoid Smoking and Tobacco Use – Smoking slows healing and increases the risk of infection.
- Eat a Balanced Diet – Nutrient-rich foods promote gum and bone health.
- Manage Stress and Teeth Grinding – Wearing a nightguard can help protect gums from excessive pressure.
When to Contact a Dentist
Seek professional evaluation if you experience:
- Persistent gum inflammation or bleeding.
- Pain or sensitivity that worsens over time.
- Loose teeth or changes in bite alignment.
- Signs of infection such as pus or severe swelling.
Conclusion
Periodontal therapy is essential for managing gum disease and preserving overall oral health. Whether through deep cleaning, medication, or surgical intervention, timely treatment can prevent tooth loss and restore gum function. If you notice any signs of gum disease, consult your dentist or periodontist for a personalized treatment plan.
